Name: Surname: Mp number: Email address: Contact number: 1. Testosterone deficiency may result from disruption of one of more levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis 2: a. The testes (primary testosterone deficiency) b. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland (secondary testosterone deficiency) c. The hypothalamus/pituitary and testes (combined primary and secondary testosterone deficiency). d. A and B are correct. e. A, B, and C are correct. 2. The effects of primary testosterone deficiency on testosterone and gonadotropins include: 2 a. Low testosterone levels. b. Low or low to normal FSH and LH levels. c. Raised FSH and LH levels. d. A and C are correct. e. A and B are correct. 3. Functional testosterone deficiency or late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is associated with conditions such as obesity and the metabolic syndrome, in the absence of both intrinsic, structural hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis pathology and specific pathological conditions suppressing the HPT axis (e.g. macroprolactinoma or endogenous Cushing syndrome).2 a. True b. False. 4. A reliable threshold to diagnose late-onset hypogonadism in men is a total testosterone level of:2,5 a. <12 nmol/L. b. <3.5 ng/mL. c. <8 nmol/L. d. A and B are correct. e. B and C are correct. 5. Choose the INCORRECT statement: a. Prostate cancer (locally advanced or metastatic) and male breast cancer are absolute contraindications to testosterone therapy. 2,5 b. Testosterone undecanoate is administered as an intramuscular injection every 10 to 14 weeks. 2 c. Testosterone therapy is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. 3 d. There is no evidence that testosterone therapy is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. 3 e. A therapeutic target of 15 to 30 nmol/L total testosterone is recommended for patients undergoing testosterone therapy.2
