Click here to watch the video Name: Surname: Contact number: Email address: MP number: 1. Which of the following are characteristics of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)? 00:00:31 a. Burning and/or itching of the vagina b. Dyspareunia (pain during intercourse) c. Vaginal discharge d. Spotting or bleeding during or after intercourse e. All of the above 2. Which of the following is NOT a LONG-TERM RISK/EFFECT of estrogen deficiency?a. Irritabilityb. Bone loss/osteoporosisc. Cardiovascular diseased. Menstrual irregularitiese. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause A. A and C B. C and E C. A and D D. B and C E. B and D 3. Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: Vaginal lubrication requires adequate perfusion and …………………………….. a. Functional vaginal glands b. Nitric oxide 4. Which of the medications mentioned below cause vaginal dryness? a. Injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate b. Dienogest c. Olanzapine d. Tamoxifen e. All of the above 5. Choose the correct statement/s about Lactobacilli: a. The microbiome is affected by Lactobacilli, and it is important for vaginal health b. Lactobacilli ensures an acidic vaginal environment c. Lactobacilli produces H2O2 and lactic acid d. Lactobacilli play a protective role against vaginal colonisation by other pathogens e. All of the above 6. True or false: Low-dose vaginal estrogens for the treatment of vaginal atrophy are recommended in guidelines from the South African Menopause Society, (SAMS), NICE guidelines, as well as the North American Menopause Society (NAMS) a. True b. False 7. Which of the following statements are CORRECT about the new estriol-Lactobacilli combination vaginal tablets now available in South Africa? a. It contains 0,03 mg estriol in combination with Lactobacillus acidophilus b. Estriol stimulated vaginal proliferation and maturation promotes Lactobacilli adhesion to the vaginal epithelium c. Re-established vaginal epithelium produces glycogen to sustain the Lactobacilli d. Lactobacilli metabolises glycogen and by-products to lactic acid to maintain the vaginal pH within the normal range (< 4.5) e. All of the above 8. What was the increase in the vaginal maturation index (VMI) from baseline after 12 days’ treatment with estriol-Lactobacilli vaginal tablets? a. From 16,4 % to 25,3 % b. From 14,3 % to 49,5 % 9. Which of the following statements about the efficacy and safety of vaginal estriol is INCORRECT? a. Low-dose estriol (0,03 mg) is not as effective as 0,5 mg estriol in relieving vaginal atrophy symptoms b. Vaginal estriol is not associated with endometrial hyperplasia c. No evidence of thromboembolic events was found d. Vaginal estriol has minimal to no effect on serum hormone levels e. Vaginal estriol is well tolerated in combination therapy 10. Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: 0,03 mg Estriol-Lactobacilli vaginal tablets offer ……………………….approach to vaginal atrophy, re-establishing a healthy vaginal ecosystem and improving women’s sexual well-being and quality of life a. An antagonistic b. A synergistic
