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Question 1
How long has it been since the data from RE-LY® demonstrated superior efficacy and safety for dabigatran vs warfarin? At least:

a) 5 years

b) 10 years

c) 15 years

d) 20 years

Question 2
Which subgroups were evaluated in the RE-LY® study?

a) Kidney disease

b) Diabetes

c) Heart failure

d) All of the above

Question 3
What did ATHERO-AF evaluate?

a) Renal function changes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with warfarin or novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs)

b) b) Cardiovascular changes in patients with AF treated with warfarin or dabigatran

c) Diabetic changes in patients with AF treated with warfarin or NOACs

d) Valvular changes in patients with AF treated with warfarin or NOACs

Question 4
Which oral anticoagulant in ATHERO-AF was associated with the highest decline in renal function?

a) Dabigatran

b) Rivaroxaban

c) Apixaban

d) Warfarin

Question 5
Which oral anticoagulant in ATHERO-AF was associated with the least amount of decline in renal function?

a) Dabigatran

b) Rivaroxaban

c) Apixaban

d) Warfarin

Question 6
What is the cause of renal function decline associated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs)?

a) Glomerular disease

b) Polycystic disease

c) Increased vascular calcification

d) New onset diabetes

Question 7
True or false: In ATHERO-AF, dabigatran demonstrated the least amount of renal decline, potentially suggesting less harm to the kidney

a) True

b) False

Question 8
Does renal function status significantly influence the efficacy and safety of dabigatran 110 mg or 150 mg vs. warfarin?

a) Yes, only for 150 mg

b) No

c) Uncertain

d) Not evaluated

Question 9
Is the risk of major bleeding significantly increased by the presence of renal impairment in AF patients treated with dabigatran 110 mg or 150 mg vs. warfarin?

a) Yes, only for 110 mg

b) No

c) Uncertain

d) Not evaluated

Question 10
Dabigatran 110 mg should be reserved for:

a) Patients with moderate renal dysfunction (30-50 ml CrCl/min)

b) Elderly

c) Patients with comorbidities

d) a and b

Question 11
True/False: Diabetes should be a concern when aiming to optimally anticoagulate AF patients with dabigatran

a) True

b) False

Question 12
Is the risk of stroke/SE significantly increased in AF patients with diabetes treated with dabigatran vs. warfarin?

a) Yes

b) No

c) Uncertain

d) Not evaluated

Question 13
What do the p-values for interaction imply for dabigatran in patients with/without diabetes?

a) 150 mg is more effective in patients without diabetes

b) 110 mg is more effective in patients with diabetes

c) Safety and efficacy outcomes are consistent between the two doses

d) 110 mg is more effective in preventing major bleeding in patients without diabetes